STANDARD CIRCUIT SYMBOLS

At this stage it may be sensible to start using the usual symbols for circuits, so we need also to clarify a few terms.
 

                   cell   -  a single chemical unit , usually about 1.5 volts eg AA, C, D cells
 
 
 

       battery -          combinations of cells, usually in a single casing

                       long stroke is positive, short is negative. eg 9V battery

                      (Nowadays, the terms "battery" and "cell" are used almost interchangeably.)
 
 
 

                      resistors
 
 

                voltmeter            always placed in parallel with device

                    ammeter            always placed in series to device
 
 

                    diode

               light emitting diode
 
 

           switch
 
 

             globe
 
 

There are plenty of others.
 

link to series resistors

link to parallel resistors

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